“U. S. Indigenous Artists Reclaiming the Landscape”

Scott Manning Stevens


Palavras-chave: Indigenous film, Anishinaabe epistemologies, Indigenous literary arts, climate change in fictional visual and literary media


PT

A minha apresentação considera a complexa relação que existe entre artistas visuais nativos americanos e a tradição da pintura de paisagens euro-americana. Embora a apreciação da beleza natural possa ser universal, a representação de paisagens nas artes visuais é culturalmente limitada. Várias formas de idealização tornaram-se as marcas registradas da tradição paisagística europeia, com elementos como o pastoral, o pitoresco e o sublime marcando os vários contextos históricos em que essa arte foi criada. Quando tal prática visual se tornou generalizada na América do Norte, o romantismo era o estilo predominante da época. Com seu amor pelo sublime, a arte paisagística americana exigia uma natureza desconhecida e sombria, desprovida de pessoas. Isso significava que as comunidades indígenas eram vistas como selvagens ou totalmente apagadas. Por esse motivo, muitos artistas indígenas ignoraram ou se afastaram da pintura de paisagens em sua arte, mas desejo analisar as obras de três artistas visuais indígenas contemporâneos que se envolvem diretamente com a paisagem e, ao fazê-lo, implicitamente criticam a tradição paisagística euro-americana e reivindicam a terra como fonte de inspiração para as artes indígenas. Esses artistas, Kay WalkingStick (Cherokee), Alan Michelson (Mohawk) e Teresa Baker (Mandan/Hidatsa), têm práticas notavelmente diferentes e trabalham em diferentes mídias, mas envolvem-se com as noções ancestrais de paisagem, uma através da arte representacional, outra através das artes de vídeo e mídia e a terceira através da abstração.



EN

My presentation considers the complex relationship that exists between Native American visual artists and the Euro-American landscape painting tradition. While the appreciation of natural beauty may be a universal, the representation of landscapes within the visual arts is culturally bound. Various forms of idealization became the hallmarks of the European landscape tradition, with elements such as the pastoral, the picturesque, and the sublime marking the various historical contexts in which that art was created. By the time such a visual practice became widespread in North America, Romanticism was the ascendant style of the day. With its love of the sublime, American landscape art demanded a brooding and unknown wilderness devoid of people. That meant that Indigenous communities were either cast as savages or erased altogether. For this reason, many Indigenous artists have ignored or turned away from landscape painting in their art, but I wish to analyze the works of three contemporary Indigenous visual artists who directly engage with the landscape and by doing implicitly critique the Euro-American landscape tradition and reclaim the land as a source of inspiration for Indigenous arts. These artists Kay WalkingStick (Cherokee), Alan Michelson (Mohawk), and Teresa Baker (Mandan/Hidatsa) all have notably different practices and work in different media, but engage with the ancestral notions of landscape, one through representational art, one through video and media arts, and the other through abstraction.



Referências

  • Doerfler, Jill, Heidi Kiiwetinepinesiik Stark, and Niigaanwewidam James Sinclair. Centering Anishinaabeg Studies: Understanding the World Through Stories. Michigan State University, 2013.
  • Erdrich, Louise. Future Home of the Living God. HarperCollins, 2017.
  • McGregor, Deborah, and Jean-Paul Restoule. Indigenous Research: Theories, Practices, and Relationships. Canadian Scholars, 2018.
  • Naponse, Darlene, director. Stellar. 2022.
  • Silko, Leslie Marmon. “Landscape, History, and the Pueblo Imagination.” In The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology, edited by Cheryll Glotfelty and Harold Fromm, 264–75. Athens: University of Georgia Press. 1996.


BIO


EN
Scott Manning Stevens, Associate Professor of Native American and Indigenous Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA 13244 scsteven@syr.edu. Scott Manning Stevens (Akwesasne Mohawk) is Associate Professor and Director of the Native American and Indigenous Studies Program at Syracuse University. There he also teaches in Department of Art History. Dr. Stevens’ areas of interests also include the political and aesthetic issues that surround museums and the Indigenous cultures they put on display. He is a coauthor of Art of the American West and co-editor and contributing author for Why You Can’t Teach United States History without American Indians. He has published numerous articles in refereed journals and edited collections and exhibition catalogs Stevens is also the recent Founding Director of the Center for Global Indigenous Cultures and Environmental Justice and Syracuse University.

PT
Scott Manning Stevens (Akwesasne Mohawk) é professor associado e diretor do Programa de Estudos Nativos Americanos e Indígenas da Syracuse University. Leciona no Departamento de História da Arte. As áreas de interesse do Dr. Stevens também incluem as questões políticas e estéticas que cercam os museus e as culturas indígenas que eles exibem. É coautor de Art of the American West e co-editor e autor colaborador de Why You Can’t Teach United States History without American Indians. Publicou diversos artigos em revistas especializadas e editou coleções e catálogos de exposições. Stevens também é o recente Diretor Fundador do Centro para Culturas Indígenas Globais e Justiça Ambiental e da Universidade de Syracuse.


GO BACK


^